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KMID : 1143420200130533712
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Public Health Weekly Report
2020 Volume.13 No. 53 p.3712 ~ p.3719
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A Study on the Necessity of Monitoring Enteric Protozoa as a Cause of Acute Diarrhea
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Ju Jung-Won
Kwon Ji-Young
Seo Ji-Hye
Lee Hee-Il
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Abstract
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Background: Protozoa containing Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium parvum and Cyclospora cayetanensis are known to be the causative agents of diarrhea in humans. These protozoans are transmitted by the fecal-oral route and are infected commonly by the consumption of contaminated food and water. This study reported on the surveliance results of parasitic protozoans in patients with acute diarrhea and informed the necessity of monitoring enteric protozoa.
Methods: A total of 2,598 subjects with acute diarrhea were tested through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to detect four species of protozoa including the detection of Microsporidia in some subjects. Kudoa septempunctata were analyzed through the PCR method in acute food poisoning subjects.
Results: From 2,598 subjects, 10 subjects (0.38%) were positive. Among these, C. parvum and C. cayetanensis was detected in 9 subjects (0.35%) and 1 subject (0.04%), respectively. Out of 94 acute diarrhea specimens, 29 (30.9%) subjects were found for Microsporidia spp. and 6 (6.4%) subjects for E. intestinalis. In 70 cases of food poisoning, 178 subjects were requested for K. septempunctata and 92 subjects (51.7%) were positive.
Conclusions: In 2019, the protozoa detection rate for patients with diarrhea in Korea was not high compared to other countries. Recently, there have been no outbreaks by enteric protozoa infection, but the risk of intestinal protozoa infection is rising due to overseas travel and increased imports of agricultural products. Furthermore, a new type of protozoan was identified in patients with acute diarrhea and in patients with food poisoning. For the risk management of intestinal protozoa infection, this study intends to improve detection methods for accurate diagnosis and plans to establish a more advanced surveillance system.
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KEYWORD
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Enteric Protozoa, Acute Diarrhea, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
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